Exercise physiology enhances athletic training methods by applying principles of biomechanics, metabolism, and physiology to optimize performance. Understanding how the body responds to different training stimuli allows coaches and athletes to tailor programs that maximize improvements in strength, speed, and endurance. Key concepts such as periodization, which involves varying training intensity and volume, can prevent plateaus and overtraining. Continued research in this field contributes to evolving training practices, ensuring athletes can achieve peak performance effectively and safely.