The Atacama Desert is primarily composed of sandy and salt flats, along with rocky terrains. Its landscape features unique geological formations due to its extreme aridity, resulting from a combination of cold ocean currents and high coastal mountains. The desert is known for its lack of vegetation, making it a perfect location for scientific research. Furthermore, the Atacama’s unique environment has attracted astronomers from around the world due to the clarity of its skies, providing ideal conditions for observing celestial events.