The mythical hero known for his twelve labors is "Heracles," also known by his Roman name, Hercules. In Greek mythology, Heracles was the son of Zeus and was renowned for his extraordinary strength and numerous adventures. The twelve labors were a series of seemingly impossible tasks he was set to complete as a form of penance. These labors included capturing the Nemean Lion, obtaining the golden apples of the Hesperides, and cleaning the Augean stables in a single day, showcasing both his athletic prowess and cleverness.