The central idea of a story is called the "theme." The theme is the underlying message or insight that the narrative conveys, often reflecting broader human experiences and values. Themes can be explicit or implicit and can vary widely, from love and friendship to conflict, morality, and sacrifice. They serve as a lens through which readers can understand the characters' actions and the story's events. Analyzing a story's theme allows readers to engage more deeply with the material, fostering connections with the characters and the narrative while prompting reflections on life and society.