Sherlock Holmes is the famous detective created by Arthur Conan Doyle. First appearing in "A Study in Scarlet" in 1887, Holmes is known for his brilliant deductive reasoning, astute observation skills, and mastery of forensic science. He often solves complex cases with the assistance of his friend and chronicler, Dr. John Watson. Holmes's character has stood the test of time, inspiring numerous adaptations in literature, film, and television. His iconic deerstalker hat and pipe have become synonymous with detective fiction, making him one of the most enduring fictional characters in literary history.