The economist who wrote "The Wealth of Nations" is Adam Smith. Published in 1776, this foundational text laid the groundwork for classical economics and introduced key concepts such as the division of labor, free markets, and the "invisible hand" that guides economic activity. Smith argued that individuals pursuing their self-interest inadvertently contribute to the overall economic well-being of society. The book has had a lasting impact on economic thought and policy, shaping modern capitalism and influencing countless economists and policymakers. Smith's insights remain relevant today, continuing to inspire discussions on market dynamics and economic behavior.