The celestial body known as Earth's natural satellite is the Moon. The Moon orbits Earth and is the fifth-largest moon in the Solar System relative to the size of its planet. It plays a crucial role in influencing Earth's tides due to its gravitational pull. The Moon has a significant cultural and scientific impact throughout human history, inspiring art, literature, and exploration. Its surface is marked by craters, mountains, and vast plains called maria. The Moon's phases, caused by its position relative to Earth and the Sun, lead to variations in its appearance from Earth, captivating observers and astronomers.