A violin is a type of string instrument. It is typically made from wood and consists of a hollow body that amplifies sound produced by vibrating strings. The violin has four strings, usually tuned in perfect fifths (G, D, A, E), and is played with a bow made of horsehair or by plucking the strings (pizzicato). It is a key instrument in classical, folk, and contemporary music, known for its expressive tone and versatility. The violin is central to orchestras and chamber music ensembles, showcasing a wide dynamic range and a full array of techniques, from serene melodies to vibrant, rapid passages.