The term for someone who studies fossils is a paleontologist. Paleontology is the scientific discipline that examines the history of life on Earth through the analysis of fossils, which are the preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms. This field encompasses various aspects, including the study of dinosaurs, plants, and ancient microorganisms. Paleontologists employ techniques from geology, biology, and chemistry to interpret fossil evidence, reconstruct past environments, and understand evolutionary processes. Their research contributes to our knowledge of biodiversity and extinction, offering insights into how Earth's ecosystems have changed over millions of years.