The study of the relationships between living organisms and their environments is called ecology. This branch of biology examines the interactions between organisms and their physical surroundings, focusing on the distribution, abundance, and relationships of organisms within ecosystems. Ecologists investigate various aspects of ecosystems, including energy flow and nutrient cycling, as well as how factors like climate change, pollution, and habitat destruction affect biodiversity. By understanding these relationships, ecologists can develop strategies for conservation, resource management, and ecological restoration to protect natural environments and promote sustainability.