The study of the Earth and its features is called geology. Geologists explore the composition, structure, processes, and history of the Earth, including understanding landforms, rocks, minerals, and geological events like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. This scientific discipline encompasses various subfields, such as mineralogy, paleontology, and petrology, each focusing on specific aspects of the Earth's physical properties. Geology is crucial for resource exploration, environmental management, and understanding Earth's past climates and ecosystems, providing insights into how ongoing processes shape our planet today.