The study of fungi is called mycology. Mycology involves the exploration of various types of fungi, including mushrooms, mold, and yeast. This branch of biology examines the structure, genetics, ecology, and potential uses of fungi, which play essential roles in ecosystems as decomposers and symbiotic partners with plants. Mycologists study both beneficial and harmful fungi, contributing to fields such as medicine (antibiotics like penicillin) and food production. Mycology also encompasses the investigation of fungal diseases that can impact plants and animals, including humans.