The smallest country in the world by area is Vatican City. Enclosed within the city of Rome, Italy, Vatican City is an independent city-state that spans approximately 44 hectares (110 acres) or about 0.17 square miles. It serves as the spiritual and administrative center of the Roman Catholic Church and is the residence of the Pope. Despite its small size, Vatican City is home to significant cultural and historical landmarks, including St. Peter's Basilica and the Sistine Chapel, attracting millions of visitors each year.