The primary ingredient in apple pie is, unsurprisingly, apples. Various varieties of apples can be used, but tart apples like Granny Smith or sweet ones like Honeycrisp are particularly popular for their flavor balance when baked. The apples are usually sliced and mixed with sugar, cinnamon, and sometimes other ingredients such as nutmeg or lemon juice to enhance the flavor. This mixture is then encased in a pastry crust, either on the bottom, top, or both, and baked until the apples are tender and the crust is golden brown, creating a comforting dessert.