The primary ingredient in a traditional Italian risotto is Arborio rice. This short-grain rice is known for its high starch content, which creates the creamy texture characteristic of risotto. The cooking process involves slowly adding broth to the rice while stirring, allowing the grains to release their starch and absorb flavors. Typically, risotto is also flavored with ingredients like onions, white wine, Parmesan cheese, and various vegetables or proteins, making it a versatile and rich dish enjoyed in various ways across Italy.