The primary ingredient in a traditional Caesar salad is romaine lettuce. This crisp and slightly bitter leafy green serves as the base of the salad, providing a refreshing contrast to the rich flavors of the dressing and toppings. A classic Caesar salad typically features romaine topped with Caesar dressing, which is made from ingredients like egg yolks, garlic, anchovies, lemon juice, Worcestershire sauce, olive oil, and Parmesan cheese. Croutons are often added for crunch, and additional toppings can include grilled chicken or bacon, enhancing the overall flavor and texture of the dish.