The predominant religion practiced in India is Hinduism, which is followed by approximately 79.8% of the population. It is one of the world's oldest religions, characterized by a variety of beliefs, practices, and rituals. Hinduism encompasses a wide array of philosophies, ranging from monotheism to polytheism, and includes scripture such as the Vedas, Upanishads, and the Bhagavad Gita. Notable features of Hinduism include the concepts of dharma (duty/righteousness), karma (cause and effect), and samsara (the cycle of birth and rebirth). The diversity within Hindu practices reflects India's cultural richness.