The natural satellite that orbits the Earth is called the Moon. It is the fifth-largest moon in the solar system and plays a vital role in maintaining Earth's climate and supporting life. The Moon's gravitational pull is the primary cause of ocean tides. Its surface is marked by craters, maria (vast basaltic plains), and highlands, providing fascinating geological history. The Moon also serves as a cultural and scientific symbol; it has inspired countless works of art and literature and has been the focus of human exploration, most notably during the Apollo missions, when astronauts first set foot on its surface in 1969.