The famous Egyptian queen is Cleopatra VII. Reigning from 51 to 30 BC, she is one of the last active pharaohs of ancient Egypt and is known for her intelligence, political acumen, and romantic liaisons with powerful Roman leaders such as Julius Caesar and Mark Antony. Cleopatra was of Macedonian Greek descent, being part of the Ptolemaic dynasty that ruled Egypt after Alexander the Great's conquest. Her reign was marked by efforts to restore Egypt’s prominence, economic prosperity, and cultural flourishing. Cleopatra remains a compelling historical figure, often portrayed in literature and films, highlighting her dramatic life and tragic end following her defeat by Octavian.