The famous DNA structure discovered in 1953 is known as the double helix. James Watson and Francis Crick are credited with its discovery, utilizing X-ray diffraction images taken by Rosalind Franklin to determine the helical structure of DNA molecules. The double helix consists of two intertwined strands, each composed of nucleotide pairs, which encode genetic information essential for the functioning of living organisms. This groundbreaking discovery revolutionized the field of genetics, providing foundational insights into heredity, biological diversity, and the mechanisms of molecular biology, which have far-reaching implications across health, medicine, and biotechnology.