The main theme of the novel "1984" by George Orwell is the dangers of totalitarianism and the oppressive control of the individual by the state. Orwell explores the loss of personal freedoms, the manipulation of truth, and the pervasive surveillance of citizens. The story follows Winston Smith as he navigates a society dominated by the Party, which employs propaganda and psychological manipulation to maintain its power. Through this dystopian narrative, Orwell critiques the consequences of extreme political ideologies, reflecting on how language and thought can be twisted to serve authoritarian goals.