The main form of energy converted by solar panels is solar energy. Solar panels utilize photovoltaic cells to capture sunlight and convert it into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. When sunlight hits the solar cells, it excites electrons, generating a flow of electric current. This clean, renewable energy source can be used for residential, commercial, and industrial applications, providing sustainable power while reducing reliance on fossil fuels. As technology advances, the efficiency of solar panels improves, making them an increasingly viable option for energy generation globally. Solar energy plays a crucial role in combating climate change and promoting sustainability.