The main component of a cell membrane is phospholipids. Phospholipids form a bilayer that acts as a barrier and structural foundation of the cell membrane. Each phospholipid consists of a hydrophilic (water-attracting) head and two hydrophobic (water-repelling) tails, allowing the membrane to maintain its integrity and protect the cell's internal environment. Additionally, proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates are embedded within this bilayer, contributing to its functional properties.