The common name for the northern lights is Aurora Borealis, a spectacular natural light display predominantly visible in high-latitude regions around the Arctic. This phenomenon occurs when charged particles from the Sun collide with gases in Earth’s atmosphere, primarily oxygen and nitrogen, creating beautiful waves of color, typically green, pink, red, and violet. The strength and colors of the auroras vary based on solar activity and atmospheric conditions. Auroras also exist in the Southern Hemisphere, known as Aurora Australis. Both displays captivate observers and have significant scientific importance, helping researchers understand solar wind and magnetosphere interactions.