The chemical formula for copper sulfate is CuSO4. This compound consists of one copper atom (Cu), one sulfur atom (S), and four oxygen atoms (O). Copper sulfate is commonly encountered as a blue crystalline solid, known as blue vitriol. It has a variety of applications, including in agriculture as a fungicide, in chemistry for various reactions, and in laboratories for educational demonstrations. There are also hydrates of copper sulfate, such as CuSO4·5H2O, which are used for different purposes, as the water molecules affect its solubility and reactivity.