The historical document that declared the independence of the United States is the Declaration of Independence, adopted on July 4, 1776. Drafted primarily by Thomas Jefferson, the Declaration proclaimed the thirteen American colonies' intention to be free and independent from British rule. It articulated Enlightenment principles, emphasizing individual rights and the idea that governments derive their powers from the consent of the governed. The document served not only as a formal break from Britain but also as an influential statement of democratic values that inspired future movements for independence and civil rights around the world.