The disease caused by a deficiency in iron is known as iron deficiency anemia. This condition occurs when the body does not have enough iron to produce adequate amounts of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. Symptoms often include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, and shortness of breath. Iron deficiency can be caused by various factors such as inadequate dietary intake, blood loss, or increased demand during pregnancy or growth. Treatment typically involves iron supplementation and dietary changes to include iron-rich foods, such as leafy greens, lean meats, and fortified cereals, to restore normal iron levels.