The ancient city of Petra is located in Jordan. Renowned for its rock-cut architecture and water conduit system, Petra dates back to the 5th century BC and was established as a trading hub for caravans. It was the capital of the Nabataean Kingdom and flourished due to its strategic position on trade routes. Discovered by the Western world in the early 19th century, Petra is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is often referred to as the "Rose City" due to the color of the sandstone from which it is carved. Its historical significance and architectural beauty attract numerous tourists annually.