In the optional subject papers of the UPSC Mains, questions typically assess an in-depth understanding of core concepts. Candidates may encounter a mix of theoretical and practical scenarios requiring critical analysis, evaluation, and application of knowledge. Questions often include essays, essays analyzing case studies, or problem-solving based on practical applications. The focus is on the ability to demonstrate analytical thinking and articulate informed arguments. Thus, thorough preparation involving extensive reading and practice of past papers is essential for success in these optional subjects.