When discussing ethical issues in UPSC studies, societal norms such as cultural values, religious beliefs, and moral principles should be considered. Ethical dilemmas often arise from varying perspectives influenced by these norms. Aspirants must understand how different societal contexts shape ethical decision-making and public policy. Misalignment between ethical standards and societal expectations can lead to governance challenges, making it crucial for candidates to examine real-world examples. Furthermore, discussing ethics in the framework of inclusivity and justice is essential in addressing diverse viewpoints, strengthening candidates’ analytical capabilities when tackling ethical questions in examinations.