Students can enhance retention of study material through various strategies, including active recall, where they actively retrieve information from memory. Employing the spaced repetition technique helps in systematic review, leading to better long-term memory. Creating concise notes, summarizing information, and utilizing mnemonic devices can aid in understanding and memorization. Group discussions and teaching others are also effective ways to reinforce knowledge. Additionally, maintaining a positive learning environment and incorporating regular breaks can optimize concentration, ultimately improving retention for UPSC preparation.