Effective knowledge retention for the UPSC requires strategies such as active recall, spaced repetition, and concept mapping. Regular self-testing enhances memory retention. Group discussions can reinforce understanding and clarify doubts. Utilizing mnemonic devices allows candidates to recall information more easily. Additionally, breaking down topics into manageable chunks makes studying less overwhelming. Maintaining a consistent revision timetable ensures candidates revisit and reinforce learned material, solidifying knowledge for the exam.