To enhance the retention of factual information for UPSC exams, aspirants should employ various techniques like spaced repetition, mnemonic devices, and active recall. Creating visual summaries, such as mind maps and charts, can also aid in consolidating knowledge. Regular revision and self-testing further solidify memory retention. Engaging in group discussions can facilitate deeper understanding through collaboration and diverse viewpoints. Lastly, maintaining a consistent study schedule and focusing on understanding concepts rather than rote learning is essential for effective retention.