Ethical governance discussions within the UPSC syllabus are underpinned by philosophies such as utilitarianism, deontology, and principles of justice. Utilitarianism emphasizes the greatest happiness for the greatest number, promoting a focus on outcomes and societal welfare. Deontological ethics prioritizes duty and principles, guiding candidates to uphold integrity and transparency in administration. Additionally, theories of justice, particularly from scholars like Rawls, inform discussions on fairness and equity in governance. Understanding these philosophical foundations helps aspirants critically analyze ethical dilemmas and develop a moral framework that will guide their future decisions as civil servants.