The primary role of the UPSC in the Indian governance system is to conduct various civil services examinations for selecting candidates for different administrative positions. This includes the recruitment of Indian Administrative Service (IAS), Indian Police Service (IPS), and other central services. UPSC also advises the government on matters related to service conditions, promotions, and alterations to service rules. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in ensuring that the selection process is transparent and merit-based, thereby upholding the integrity of civil service in India.