The historical background of the UPSC examination dates back to the establishment of the Indian Civil Service during the British colonial period. With the introduction of civil services as a mechanism for governance, the Indian Constitution later formalized the process post-independence in 1950. The Union Public Service Commission was constituted to conduct competitive exams for selecting civil servants, marking a shift towards a meritocratic approach in public administration. The UPSC has evolved over time, adapting to the changing needs of governance and public service in India.