Historical events crucial for the UPSC syllabus focusing on Modern History include the Indian Independence Movement, important reform movements, and the impact of colonial rule. Key figures such as Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and B. R. Ambedkar are significant in shaping contemporary India’s socio-political landscape. Events like the Partition, the formation of the Constituent Assembly, and major policies post-independence are also essential. A solid understanding of these events enables aspirants to contextualize current affairs and societal challenges faced in India.