Common themes observed in UPSC essay papers over recent years include topics related to governance, sustainability, and social justice. Essays often encourage aspirants to reflect on current issues and their long-term implications on society. Other recurring themes include the impact of technology on human life, the role of youth in nation-building, and cultural heritage. Candidates should emphasize critical analysis, articulate well-structured arguments, and integrate diverse perspectives, ensuring their essays resonate with contemporary relevance while reflecting their personal viewpoints.