The characteristics that define good governance as understood through the UPSC syllabus include transparency, accountability, and inclusivity. Effective governance requires public institutions to function impartially and efficiently while ensuring stakeholder engagement in decision-making processes. Emphasizing the rule of law, good governance promotes equality and social justice, enabling equitable access to resources and services. Furthermore, responsiveness to the needs of citizens and effective communication channels are essential aspects of governance. These principles align with the broader aim of enhancing citizen trust, ensuring policy implementation is in the public interest, and promoting sustainable development.