Achieving universal primary education faces several challenges, including inadequate infrastructure, teacher shortages, and socio-economic barriers. In rural areas, access to schools can be hampered by poor transportation and poverty, forcing children to drop out. Additionally, cultural norms might discourage girls from attending school, further exacerbating gender disparities. Quality of education often suffers due to poorly trained teachers and lack of resources. Government initiatives and NGOs are crucial in addressing these issues, but sustained efforts and community involvement are necessary to ensure that every child receives a quality primary education.