The core subjects of focus in the UPSC economics paper include Microeconomics, Macroeconomics, Economic Development, and Public Finance. Candidates must understand key concepts, theories, and their applications to real-world scenarios. Familiarity with economic indicators, policy frameworks, and recent reforms is essential for nuanced analyses. Aspirants should also explore current trends and challenges in both domestic and global economies, as these topics frequently appear in exam questions. Engaging with case studies enhances understanding and application of theoretical knowledge. Continuous practice through previous years' papers helps reinforce core concepts and strategies for effective exam responses.