The aspects of socio-economic issues covered in the UPSC syllabus include poverty, unemployment, economic development, and income inequality. Candidates are expected to analyze how these issues affect India's overall growth and how government policies can address them. Additionally, understanding the role of social justice, health, education, and gender equality within the socio-economic framework is crucial. The preparation should involve appreciating the interaction between economic factors and social development, which contributes to informed decision-making in public administration.