The UPSC evaluates ethical reasoning in the examination primarily through the General Studies Paper IV, which focuses on ethics, integrity, and aptitude. This paper assesses candidates' understanding of ethical dilemmas, moral philosophies, and their implications in public administration. Case studies are often included to examine candidates' ability to apply ethical principles in real-life scenarios. This approach encourages candidates to reflect on their values and decision-making processes, which are critical qualities for maintaining integrity in civil service.