The UPSC evaluates candidates' knowledge of current affairs through comprehensive examinations that include both preliminary and mains assessments. The preliminary exam consists of objective-type questions that test factual knowledge and understanding, while the mains examination incorporates descriptive questions, requiring candidates to analyze and discuss contemporary issues. Candidates are expected to stay updated on national and international events, government policies, and social issues through reading newspapers, journals, and reports. The importance placed on current affairs ensures that aspirants are aware of the dynamic socio-political landscape and can engage in informed discourse, essential for effective governance and public service.