Globalization and its effects are pivotal topics in UPSC’s international relations syllabus. As nations become increasingly interconnected, understanding trends like global trade, migration, and transnational challenges becomes essential. Candidates must analyze how globalization influences national policies, economic growth, and international cooperation. Issues such as climate change and security threats are often viewed through a global lens, impacting domestic agendas. Therefore, grasping the dynamics of globalization equips candidates to address contemporary global challenges effectively, making it a vital area of focus in their preparation.