To effectively research and write on social issues for the UPSC exam, aspirants should start with comprehensive literature review to understand context and nuances. This includes studying government reports, policy documents, and academic articles focusing on social concerns. Structuring the research process involves making notes on key arguments, statistics, and case studies. Utilizing a balanced approach that integrates different viewpoints enhances depth and critical analysis in writing. Incorporating real-life examples and effects of social policies can also add richness to essays. Regular practice through mock writing sessions improves articulation and coherence during actual exam scenarios.