Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, awarded in 1964 for her work utilizing X-ray crystallography to understand the structures of vital biochemical substances. Hodgkin's contributions significantly advanced the field of chemistry and highlighted the importance of female scientists in academia. Her pioneering research paved the way for further advances in biochemistry and pharmaceuticals, ultimately impacting drug development. Hodgkin's legacy continues to inspire women in science, advocating for gender equality within STEM fields.