The famous French revolutionary leader known for his vision for a republic is Maximilien Robespierre. A key figure in the French Revolution, Robespierre was instrumental in promoting democratic ideals and was a leading advocate of the Reign of Terror. He believed in the necessity of virtue and terror to protect the republic from its enemies. His radical policies and influence in the National Convention defined this tumultuous period in French history. However, his downfall in 1794 marked a turning point, illustrating the dangers of revolutionary zeal when unchecked by moderation.