The individual recognized for pioneering social work and housing for the homeless in the early 20th century is Jane Addams. Addams co-founded Hull House in Chicago, which provided essential services for immigrants and the impoverished. Through Hull House, she offered educational programs, healthcare services, and cultural opportunities while promoting social reform. Addams's work emphasized the importance of community engagement and addressing social issues, particularly for women and children. She also advocated for peace and social justice, which led to her becoming the first American woman to earn the Nobel Peace Prize in 1931.