The work of physicist Max Planck laid the foundation for quantum mechanics. In the early 20th century, Planck proposed that energy is quantized, introducing the concept of quanta to explain black-body radiation, which revolutionized physics. His formulation of the Planck constant posed challenges to classical physics and established a framework for future discoveries in quantum theory. Planck’s groundbreaking work opened avenues for scientists like Albert Einstein, who later expanded on quantum concepts. The shift towards understanding atomic and subatomic processes fundamentally changed the field of physics, leading to technological advancements and deeper understanding of the universe.